One of the focal points following the presidential election is the potential for an increase in tariffs applied to goods produced outside the US. Perhaps you have wondered what this could mean for your investments.

One period offering perspective on this issue is President Trump’s first term in office. Beginning in 2017, the administration eyed China as a target and, by 2018, began imposing tariffs across a range of products. The next couple of years saw back and forth trade discussions that eventually led to an agreement, though pre-existing tariffs remained in place. Despite all this uncertainty, both China and the US posted higher cumulative returns than the MSCI World ex USA Index over the four years of Trump’s term.

Markets are forward-looking, and the economic impact from initiatives such as tariffs is likely already reflected in current market prices. When these expected developments come to pass, the effect on markets and your investments may be muted.

In anticipation of tonight’s Presidential Debate there might be questions about how financial markets respond during elections. But the outcome of an election is only one of many inputs to the market. This exhibit examines market data for nearly 100 years of US presidential terms and shows a consistent upward march for US equities regardless of who’s in the Oval Office. This is an important lesson on the benefits of a long-term investment approach.​

As you are undoubtedly aware, the U.K. election has been announced for December 12th. This is likely to be the biggest—perhaps only—talking point between now and Christmas, so I wanted to offer some substance behind our actions (or in this case, inactions).

Let us be clear, while these are uncharted waters, political uncertainty is nothing new. On this occasion, as in the past, people will jump over themselves to tell you the “right way”. Whether we are judging the merits of the candidates or working through our investment positioning, we must favour research over reaction and urge all our clients to do the same. Chief among these is the temptation to react too quickly or with too much confidence in the lead up to the outcome of this significant event.

If you are cynical of this stance, I share the below quotes from the U.S. election and Brexit referendum, where even the smartest of people got it grossly wrong.

> Incorrect U.S. Election Predictions (U.S. stocks rallied 2.22% on the day after the election and around 9% in the three months following)
“We would expect a small global stock market rally if Clinton wins (about 2 percent) and a large decline if Trump wins (about 10 percent)”. Eric Zitzewitz, Professor of Economics at Dartmouth College

“The S&P 500 will fall by 3% to 5% immediately if Trump is elected”. Tobias Levkovich, Citigroup's chief U.S. equity analyst

“If investors are wrong and Trump wins, we should expect a big markdown in expected future earnings for a wide range of stocks – and a likely crash in the broader market.” Simon Johnson, professor at MIT Sloan and former chief economist of the IMF

> Incorrect Brexit Referendum Predictions (U.K. stocks fell 3.15% the day after the referendum but gained around 13% in the six months following. Economic growth also continued to rise) “A vote to leave would tip our economy into year-long recession with at least 500,000 UK jobs lost”. George Osborne, served as Chancellor of the Exchequer under Prime Minister David Cameron

“Leaving Europe would tip the country into recession”. David Cameron, ex-Prime Minister UK

“Brexit would trigger recession”, predicted -0.3% GDP for Q3”. IMF Forecasts

“Short term impact of -1.25% GDP”. OECD Forecasts

“It would be likely to have a negative impact in the short term… I certainly think that would increase the risk of recession”. Mark Carney, Bank of England

> What about a Corbyn government?

Political biases aside, two of the widely quoted risks to investors seems to be in a Corbyn government or a hung parliament. It is easy to build an ugly bear case—no matter which scenario you look at—and we are mindful that the media will take full advantage of this fear-driven sentiment (they want to sell newspapers after all). We urge investors to keep a level head, and while these issues have substance, investors should look through media exaggeration as political risk is largely unpredictable. It is for circumstances like this that we take a diversified approach. We don’t go “all in” on a given outcome, because we can limit the risks by spreading your eggs across multiple baskets. We have global exposure, defensive exposure and different currencies, to name a few, which would all help buffer any election risks.

Last, we leave you with a few key points.

1. The key question on many investors lips is whether they should sell, hold or buy. To our eye, the answer is simple… manage risks, stay informed and—if in doubt—stay the course.

2. Any turbulence in markets may create great opportunities to purchase assets that will add meaningfully to returns in the future. We are not there yet, but we will look at this opportunistically.

3. We appreciate that the current period is very unsettling for investors and will cause debate among your families. We will do our utmost to support our clients during this time.